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Hyaluronic acid (HA), as its scientific name, is a linear chain like molecular structure. In the natural state, it is a liquid state that is easy to flow.
The addition of crosslinking agent can make hyaluronic acid change from liquid to gel, forming sodium hyaluronate gel.
Generally speaking, the more the content of crosslinking agent, the higher the hardness, the better the molding effect and the longer the maintenance time.
However, when the uncrosslinked hyaluronic acid is injected into human body, it will be metabolized by hyaluronidase and free radicals within 48 to 72 hours.
Daily injection of hyaluronic acid filled with a cross-linking agent.
At present, BDDE is widely used in the market, and its safety is higher than other crosslinking agents.
At the same time, in the process of producing sodium hyaluronate gel, the purification process can make the content of free crosslinking agent less than two parts per million.
This has been confirmed as a safe dose by the safety risk assessment of the National Drug Administration and the U.S. Food and drug administration.
In the whole production process of sodium hyaluronate gel, crosslinking agents exist in three states:
* a link loses its activity on hyaluronic acid;
* one of them combines with water molecules (BdpE) and loses its activity;
* one is a very small amount of free state, which keeps the activity.
When sodium hyaluronate gel is injected into our body, the cross-linking agents of these three states are metabolized in the body at the same time.
Under the action of enzyme, the two linked ether bonds are cut off and react with water molecules to form BdpE;
A very small amount of free BDDE can also be combined with water molecules to form BdpE.
That is to say, the crosslinkers in all three states are transformed into inactive BdpE for metabolism.
BdpE was degraded under the oxidation of cytochrome P450 enzyme family, which produced glycerol and 1,4-butanediol.
Glycerol and 1,4-butanediol will enter their respective metabolic processes.
Glycerol is metabolized to pyruvate; 1,4-butanediol is oxidized by enzyme to succinic acid.
Pyruvate and succinic acid enter into the tricarboxylic acid cycle, and finally generate carbon dioxide and water. It is discharged from the body through human breath, sweat, urine, feces, etc.
What is the tricarboxylic acid cycle? It is a common metabolic pathway of sugar, fat and protein in organism, which occurs in mitochondria of cells and generates energy for life activities of organism.
So far, the crosslinker has completed metabolism in human body. Due to the different content of crosslinking agent, the whole process usually takes 6 to 18 months.
Therefore, in conclusion, the crosslinker can be metabolized in human body.
So who is going to carry the pot that does not metabolize hyaluronic acid?
Pay attention to "quanxuan says beauty". Mr. Xuanxuan will tell you in the next transparency lab~
reference:
A review of the metabolism of 1,4-butanediol diglycidyl ether – crosslinked hylulonic acid dental fillers
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