New engineering
"New engineering" corresponds to emerging industries, so "new engineering" refers to University Majors in emerging industries, such as artificial intelligence, intelligent manufacturing, robotics, cloud computing, etc., and also includes upgrading and transformation of traditional engineering majors.
Compared with the "old engineering", the "new engineering" emphasizes the practicability, intersection and comprehensiveness of the discipline, especially the close combination of new technology such as information communication, electronic control, software design and traditional industrial technology. Earlier, the Ministry of Education issued the notice on publishing the first batch of "new engineering" research and practice projects, which identified 612 projects as the first batch of "new engineering" research and practice projects. Among them, "new engineering" professional reform covers 19 project groups.
We can see that the "new engineering" majors include artificial intelligence, big data, intelligent manufacturing and other popular majors that promote the combination of "science and Engineering", "industry and Engineering", and "industry and medicine", "industry and agriculture" and "industry and culture".
Therefore, students who want to study "new engineering" need comprehensive development in number, science, chemistry, students and other disciplines.
New medicine
"New medicine" has changed from "medical education mode supported by biomedical science" to "medical education mode supported by interdisciplinary disciplines of medical literature, medical engineering, medical science and medical X".
"New medicine" puts forward a new concept of life-cycle health medicine from treatment oriented to both preventive treatment and health care, which integrates traditional medicine with robotics, artificial intelligence, big data, etc.
At present, it has opened new specialties such as precision medicine, transformation medicine and intelligent medicine, and approved 74 affiliated hospitals of colleges and universities as the first batch of national clinical teaching and training demonstration centers.
As can be seen from the above list, Zhejiang University has three affiliated hospitals selected, which is the largest number among universities. In addition, Beijing University, Fudan University, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Wuhan University, Huazhong University of science and technology, Central South University and Xi'an Jiaotong University each have two affiliated hospitals. These schools are the first choice for students to choose "new medicine" in the future.
Traditional medicine may have higher requirements for students' achievements in biology and chemistry, but "new medicine" requires students to enhance their learning in mathematics and physics on this basis because of the introduction of new technologies such as artificial intelligence.
New liberal arts
The "new" of "new liberal arts" should start from the "old" of traditional liberal arts.
Traditional liberal arts is a general designation of Humanities and social sciences. According to the catalogue of undergraduate majors of ordinary colleges and universities (2012), except for science, engineering, agronomy and medicine, philosophy, economics, law, education, literature, history, management, art and other disciplines can basically be included in the category of "liberal arts".
The "new liberal arts" is a kind of interdisciplinary study, which integrates new technology into philosophy, literature, language and other courses.
With the support of information technology, the study convenience of some liberal arts majors has been improved. The rise of new liberal arts majors and directions, such as social computing, financial technology, spatial econometrics, technological philosophy, computational linguistics, highlights the characteristics of "new liberal arts": integration, interdisciplinary and accommodation. In the "double 10000 plan" for the construction of first-class undergraduate majors launched by the Ministry of education, "new liberal arts" has become the biggest winner. According to statistics, the number of business administration, foreign language and literature, and design majors to be built ranks in the top three.
The total number of these six disciplines has exceeded 2000, accounting for one tenth of the total number of this "double 10000 plan". It can be seen that the state's advocacy of "new liberal arts" is not on paper.
No matter the emerging technologies in recent years, such as artificial intelligence, blockchain, virtual technology, etc., or the 13 new professions released by the Ministry of human resources and social security, the "new liberal arts" is everywhere.
"New liberal arts" has brought spring to liberal arts students, provided more development space for everyone, and expanded the employment.
As the "new liberal arts" covers a wide range of areas, students should not only lay a solid literary foundation in high school, but also exercise their communication ability and actively understand Internet information, such as current affairs hot spots, industry information, etc.
New agronomy
Almost in any popular professional ranking over the years, agriculture and forestry majors are hard to find.
What is the future of agriculture and forestry? Why is agronomy a cold potato? How many "pits" does the farmer have? Some students make complaints about agriculture and forestry, which is not uncommon on the Internet. The root of this phenomenon lies in the fact that the agricultural and forestry discipline is a basic discipline. In the competition with emerging industries, the profitability of the agricultural industry is relatively poor. And "new agricultural science" is trying to reverse this phenomenon. It is committed to turning the future agriculture into the intelligent agriculture supported by high technology, which is no longer the traditional imagination of "facing the Loess and facing the sky".
On September 6, 2019, in a reply to the Secretary, President and expert representative of the National Agricultural Colleges and universities, it was pointed out that China's modernization is inseparable from agricultural and rural modernization, and the key to agricultural and rural modernization lies in science and technology and talents China's higher agricultural and forestry education has great potential.
As early as August 2018, the office of the CPC Central Committee and the office of the State Council jointly issued a document proposing the development of "new engineering", "new medicine", "new agriculture" and "new liberal arts", namely "four new". "New agricultural science" has become a hot topic in the field of agricultural and forestry education.
In April 2019, the Ministry of education set up the "new agricultural science construction working group", whose members are the presidents of China's representative agricultural and forestry universities; on July 2, Anji consensus - declaration of China's new agricultural science construction was issued;
On September 20, Xinhua News Agency reported that more than 50 agricultural universities and expert representatives in China jointly proposed the "Beidacang action" for the construction of new agricultural science and deepen the reform of higher agricultural and forestry education.
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"New agricultural science" will catch up with the "trend", enhance the fit between talent training and future agriculture, apply some knowledge involving artificial intelligence, big data analysis, biotechnology and other cross fusion, and "upgrade" traditional agricultural and forestry disciplines.
At present, artificial intelligence (agricultural field), agricultural information and other new specialties have been set up.
The prominent feature of "new agricultural science" is to pay attention to the agricultural industry chain, rather than a certain link of production technology. This requires students to not only "look down at the ground", but also "see six ways" to understand the basic knowledge of agricultural industry, production, management, etc.
In senior high school, what students can do is to properly involve other subjects on the basis of learning well the existing subject selection subjects. It is not required to be thorough, but to know "what is it".
To sum up, new engineering, new medicine, new liberal arts and new agriculture have not only upgraded the existing majors, but also "emerged" the new majors. The purpose is to create a real "golden oil" major for students, and cultivate them into compound talents with one specialty and multiple abilities.
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