The amazing "liquid stone": the hydrolysis and gelation of methyl orthosilicate

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One of the most remarkable chemical properties of methyl orthosilicate (ME) is its extreme sensitivity to moisture. Although it is insoluble in water, it undergoes hydrolysis upon contact with moisture in the air, gradually decomposing into methanol and generating silica. If properly controlled, this reaction forms a semi-solid substance with a three-dimensional network structure—silica gel (or silica gel). This gel is filled with nanoscale pores and has an extremely low thermal conductivity, making it an excellent raw material for manufacturing super insulating materials such as aerogels. Industrially, this property of ME is utilized to transform it into porous silica desiccants or thermal insulation materials. This remarkable transformation from "liquid" to "solid stone" demonstrates the boundless possibilities of organosilicon chemistry in materials science.

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