1. Mixing:
When using a mixer for mixing, it is best to equip a dust proof or exhaust device above the mixer roller to reduce the flying of white carbon black. During the mixing process, no other impurities or rubber particles should be mixed in, and the temperature should be controlled below 40 ℃, with sufficient cooling water turned on. The mixing of powder in the mixer is slow, and the mixing time for each batch of rubber is about 20-40 minutes. Using an internal mixer for mixing can not only improve production efficiency and reduce labor intensity, but also reduce the flying of white carbon black and improve the operating environment. 
The operating sequence of mixing in an internal mixer is basically similar to that of an open mixer, but the requirements for interval time are not strict. The mixing time for each batch of rubber is about 8-18 minutes, and the filling coefficient of the mixer should be controlled within the range of 0.7-0.75, which is more suitable. The discharge temperature is related to the type of filler and should usually be controlled within the range of 50 ℃ to 70 ℃. 
2. Heat treatment:
When using unmodified gas-phase silica as a reinforcing agent, a structural control agent must be added to the adhesive. Therefore, the heat treatment of the rubber material has become a necessary process. The main purpose of heat treatment is to further combine the structural control agent with the surface of silica (Si-OH) and eliminate low molecular volatiles in the gel. The general heat treatment conditions are: treat at 160 ℃ to 200 ℃ for 1-1.5 hours under nitrogen protection or in a vacuum kneading machine. 
3. Filtering:
For extruded products, calendered products, coated products, and membrane products, mechanical impurities and undispersed formulation particles are one of the main factors leading to product quality problems. Therefore, the adhesive used for the above products must be filtered. When filtering, a rubber filter machine can be used, or a regular extruder can be used as a substitute. The temperature of the barrel and screw should be controlled to the minimum, and the filter size should be 120-200 mesh. 
4. Refining:
After the rubber is parked, it must be re refined when it is used because the gel content increases and the plasticity decreases. The return refining of rubber materials should be moderate. Insufficient return refining may result in poor softness of rubber materials and uneven surfaces; If the return refining is excessive, the surface of the adhesive material will become sticky, which is not conducive to operation.
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